Thursday, 3 November 2016

r - Convert column classes in data.table



I have a problem using data.table: How do I convert column classes? Here is a simple example: With data.frame I don't have a problem converting it, with data.table I just don't know how:




df <- data.frame(ID=c(rep("A", 5), rep("B",5)), Quarter=c(1:5, 1:5), value=rnorm(10))
#One way: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2851015/r-convert-data-frame-columns-from-factors-to-characters
df <- data.frame(lapply(df, as.character), stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
#Another way
df[, "value"] <- as.numeric(df[, "value"])

library(data.table)
dt <- data.table(ID=c(rep("A", 5), rep("B",5)), Quarter=c(1:5, 1:5), value=rnorm(10))
dt <- data.table(lapply(dt, as.character), stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
#Error in rep("", ncol(xi)) : invalid 'times' argument

#Produces error, does data.table not have the option stringsAsFactors?
dt[, "ID", with=FALSE] <- as.character(dt[, "ID", with=FALSE])
#Produces error: Error in `[<-.data.table`(`*tmp*`, , "ID", with = FALSE, value = "c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2)") :
#unused argument(s) (with = FALSE)


Do I miss something obvious here?



Update due to Matthew's post: I used an older version before, but even after updating to 1.6.6 (the version I use now) I still get an error.




Update 2: Let's say I want to convert every column of class "factor" to a "character" column, but don't know in advance which column is of which class. With a data.frame, I can do the following:



classes <- as.character(sapply(df, class))
colClasses <- which(classes=="factor")
df[, colClasses] <- sapply(df[, colClasses], as.character)


Can I do something similar with data.table?



Update 3:





sessionInfo()
R version 2.13.1 (2011-07-08)
Platform: x86_64-pc-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)




locale:
[1] C


attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base

other attached packages:
[1] data.table_1.6.6

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] tools_2.13.1

Answer




For a single column:



dtnew <- dt[, Quarter:=as.character(Quarter)]
str(dtnew)

Classes ‘data.table’ and 'data.frame': 10 obs. of 3 variables:
$ ID : Factor w/ 2 levels "A","B": 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
$ Quarter: chr "1" "2" "3" "4" ...
$ value : num -0.838 0.146 -1.059 -1.197 0.282 ...






Using lapply and as.character:



dtnew <- dt[, lapply(.SD, as.character), by=ID]
str(dtnew)

Classes ‘data.table’ and 'data.frame': 10 obs. of 3 variables:
$ ID : Factor w/ 2 levels "A","B": 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2

$ Quarter: chr "1" "2" "3" "4" ...
$ value : chr "1.487145280568" "-0.827845218358881" "0.028977182770002" "1.35392750102305" ...

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